亂尿尿首先要區別引起的原因是不適當的排尿行為(Inappropriate urination)，
還是因為貓下泌尿道疾病(FLUTD ; feline lower urinary tract disease)所
引起的。
(1) 假如是FLUTD
其尿量不一定，外觀不正常(例如:帶血)，尿的地點不規則，經常尿在水平面。而且多
半有排尿困難(Dysuria)，頻尿(Pollakiuria)，血尿(Hematuria)等症狀。
(2) 假如是不適當的排尿行為
經常重覆排尿在同一個地點，而且經常是少量地尿在垂直面。而且一般沒有排尿困難，
頻尿，血尿等症狀。
(3) 某些非FLUTD之疾病，例如:PUPD，關節炎患者，也可能尿在貓砂以外的地方，排
尿地點是不規則的。
簡單的說就是可以分成，泌尿道的腫瘤或是結石，或是發炎，內分泌等情況造成他無法
正常排尿，更別說乖乖的上在貓砂盆裡，或是肌肉骨骼或是其他疾病的困擾，造成他無
法或是懶得移動到貓砂盆的位置上如廁。再來就是行為問題，身體健康，生理反應正常
，但是心理不健全，也就是稱為行為問題。
上一個網友，點出一個很重要的點，就是有可能是生理所造成的反應。這點你應該先剔
除，不過從你的文章中，反應的症狀看來，還有它的年紀，多方面評估下，個人認為行
為問題，占比較大的因素。以他現在不到一歲的年齡，屬於FLUTD的機會其實不高，其
他疾病也不無可能，不過從妳文章中，其實可以體會到你家小喵所承受的壓力(來自於
你的家人，來自於那隻地位比他高的母貓)。這個，很有可能是一切行為問題的來源。
當然也有可能是發情，你可以先帶去獸醫做些理學檢查，來排除生理上的疾病，或是這
幾天多觀察它排尿的情況，尿液的顏色，飲食狀況，精神狀況，還有它排尿的時機和反
應，來排除。
解決方法:
因為無法知道貓所要表達的訊息，下面這幾點，你可以逐一測試，來明白他這樣的行為
問題的根本原因，而不需要一次全部施行，這樣沒有可以對照的條件。
1. 使用不同材質的貓砂。
2. 降低貓砂盆高度，增加貓砂盆數量。
3. 貓砂盆位置遠離食物和交通繁雜的地方，選擇對他來說安全的位置。
4. 每天清貓沙，一個禮拜洗一次貓砂盆(不要用強烈氣味的清潔劑)。
5. 給它專屬的貓砂，和貓砂盆。
6. 貓砂盆內放置沾有尿液的物品。
7. 使用Feliway。
8. 經常帶你的貓到貓砂盆，如果她使用它，稱揚她，或者甚至給她愉快的事情。
9. 限制活動區域可能有幫助。一旦她習慣了小區域，再開放讓它進入大的區域。
10. 在曾經尿過的地方消毒，消臭ex:橘子皮，萬金油，白醋。
11. 發現的當下，給予驚嚇(不要被他發現，噴水，丟瓶子)。
12. 不要懲罰，不要責罵它。
13. 不要讓它容易到達尿尿的地方。
14. 觀察他不喜歡尿的地方
15. 在它尿尿的地方，餵食。
然後請你仔細看下面的文章，或許對你會有更大的幫助。
Urinating Outside of the Litter Box
Holly Nash, DVM, MS
Veterinary Services Department, Drs. Foster & Smith, Inc.
Inappropriate elimination (urinating or defecating outside of the litter box,
and/or spraying) is the most common behavior problem of older cats. There are
numerous causes for this behavior, many of them medical, so a cat who has
inappropriate elimination should be examined by a veterinarian. Laboratory
tests will need to be performed in most cases.
Contributing factors to inappropriate elimination
Medical conditions: Medical conditions which result in an increased frequency
of urination or defecation may be the underlying cause for this behavior
problem. These conditions include: colitis, inflammatory bowel disease,
diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism, kidney or liver disease, and feline lower
urinary tract disease (FLUTD). Medical conditions which cause pain urinating or
defecating, or make it difficult for the cat to get in and out of the litter
box, may also result in inappropriate elimination. Such conditions include
arthritis, FLUTD, anal sac disease, loss of vision, and some forms of colitis.
Treatment of these medical conditions may help to resolve this behavioral
problem. In addition, using litter boxes with lower sides, placing the litter
box in the area in which the cat spends the most time, and increasing the
number of litter boxes may be helpful.
Stress: Stress can be a major cause of inappropriate elimination in cats of all
ages. Stressors such as moving, changes in routine, or changes in the makeup of
the family can result in inappropriate elimination. Reducing these stressors or
decreasing their impact on the household will benefit your cat (and probably
you, too!). For instance, when moving, attempt to keep the cat in a quiet
portion of the home when packing and during the actual moving day. At the new
residence, confine your cat to a quiet room at first (probably a bedroom),
placing her food, water, litter box and favorite sleeping material (bed,
sweatshirt, etc.) in the room. Spend time with her in that room and feed her
and clean the litter box at the usual time. Gradually let her become accustomed
to the rest of the house.
There is a product called 'Feliway' which was designed to help reduce anxiety
in cats, and thus decrease spraying or urinating inappropriately. Feliway
contains pheromones from the cat's face. Pheromones are chemicals which are
used to communicate with other members of the same species. You may notice your
cat rubs her face and chin on vertical surfaces. She is leaving a scent there
which contains these pheromones. The pheromones from the face have a calming
effect on other cats. When Feliway is sprayed onto multiple vertical surfaces
which your cat may spray, the cat receives this calming effect and in many
cases, spraying will be reduced.
Substrate preference: Cats of all ages may develop an aversion to the litter
box or substrate (material inside of the litter box). Some of the litters with
a 'perfume' or 'antiseptic' smell may dissuade some cats from using them.
Trying different types of litter including clumping litter, sand, newspaper,
and no litter are things that could be helpful.
Box location: Some cats may not like where a box is located. It may be located
too close to their food or water. It may be in a high traffic area where they
cannot have privacy. It may be in an area where they can be easily ambushed by
another cat. It may be on a different level of the house than where they spend
most of their time. In addition to trying various substrates, also place extra
boxes around the house to see if box location makes a difference. There should
always be at least one more litter box than the number of cats in the household.
Sanitary conditions: Some cats are very particular. Some will not defecate in
the same box in which they urinate. Others will not go in a box which has been
used by another cat. Just as we do not like to use dirty bathrooms, neither do
many cats. If the litter box is not cleaned regularly, they may decide to find
a different bathroom.
Possible Solutions to Inappropriate Elimination
Have your cat checked by your veterinarian for a possible medical condition,
and start treatment for the condition if one exists. If the cat is extremely
stressed, talk to your veterinarian about some medications which may help.
If you have multiple cats and do not know which one is the culprit, your
veterinarian can give you some fluorescent dye to feed one of the cats. The
urine from that cat will fluoresce when exposed to a black light.
Place numerous litter boxes around the house. You do not have to use anything
fancy: dishpans, large plastic containers or other items may work just as well.
Try a larger litter box, some behaviorists feel litter boxes are often too
small.
Use different substrates including newspaper, clumpable and nonclumpable
litter, sand, sawdust (not cedar), carpet remnants, and no litter at all. Use
unscented litter, since many cats do not like the scented kind. If you find the
substrate that your cat prefers is not the one you do, e.g., carpet remnants,
try slowly converting the cat back to litter. Place a small amount of litter on
the carpet remnants the first week, and if all goes well, use more litter each
week until you can finally remove the carpet remnants from the box.
Try different depths of litter. Many people put too much litter in the box.
Some cats like only a small amount.
Clean any soiled areas with an enzyme cleaner designed for use on pet urine and
stool. Regular detergents and other cleaners will not break down the urine or
feces, and if the cat smells any urine or feces on a carpet or floor, the cat
may continue to use that spot to eliminate. In some cases, the carpet or carpet
padding may need to be replaced.
Clean the litter boxes at least once daily. Wash the litter box weekly. Do not
clean the box with a strong smelling disinfectant, but rinse the box well after
washing it.
Feed the cat where she is inappropriately eliminating. Many cats will not
urinate or defecate in the area in which they are fed.
Use upside down carpet runners (the ones with the spikes on the bottom), heavy
plastic, aluminum foil, double-sided tape, motion detectors, pet repellents, or
scat mats to limit her access to the area where she inappropriately eliminates.
Try Feliway, as described above. Be sure to follow the manufacturer's
recommendations.
Take your cat to the litter box frequently, and if she uses it, praise her, or
even give her a treat.
If you catch your cat in the act of urinating or defecating outside of the box
(or even using the digging motion), use a remote correction. This generally
means doing something that will startle her. Tossing a pop can with a few coins
inside of it and taped shut toward the cat (but not at her!) may get her to
stop. Foghorns, whistles, and water pistols are other options. It is best if
she does not associate you with the correction, but thinks it 'comes out of the
blue.'
Do NOT punish the cat. Punishing the cat, including rubbing her nose in the
soiled area will not help, and will probably increase the stress on the cat.
In some situations, it may be helpful to confine the cat to a small room with
food, water, toys, bed, and litter box. Once she is using the litter box in the
smaller area, gradually allow her into larger areas of the house.
Reference:
http://www.peteducation.com/article.cfm?cls=1&cat=1310&articleid=158
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